UNFCCC Commitments and International Reporting

## Paris Agreement Implementation

- First NDC: Submitted 2016, updated 2021 - Unconditional target: 29% reduction by 2030 - Conditional target: 41% reduction with international support - Sectoral coverage: Energy, forestry, agriculture, waste, industrial processes

- Article 6.2: Bilateral cooperative approaches - Article 6.4: Mechanism for sustainable development - Corresponding adjustments framework - Avoiding double counting

## Biennial Transparency Report (BTR)

- National GHG inventory - Progress toward NDC implementation - Climate finance received and needed - Support provided to developing countries

- First BTR: December 2024 - Subsequent BTRs: Every 2 years - Technical expert review process - Facilitative multilateral consideration

## National GHG Inventory

- Energy (including transport) - Industrial processes and product use (IPPU) - Agriculture, forestry, and other land use (AFOLU) - Waste

- IPCC 2006 Guidelines - Country-specific emission factors - Quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) - Uncertainty assessment

- Total emissions: 1,850 MtCO2e - Largest source: Forestry and land use (45%) - Second largest: Energy (35%) - Growing sources: Transport, industry

## International Climate Finance

- Green Climate Fund: $250 million (approved) - Bilateral climate finance: $1.2 billion (2020-2023) - Multilateral development banks: $800 million - Private sector: $500 million

- NDC implementation: $25 billion (2020-2030) - Adaptation: $10 billion - Mitigation: $15 billion - Priority areas: Renewable energy, forestry, resilience

## Technology Transfer and Capacity Building

- Priority technologies: Solar PV, wind, geothermal, EV, CCS - Barriers: Cost, technical capacity, policy frameworks - Enabling environment: Standards, incentives, financing

- MRV systems - Climate modeling - Policy analysis - Negotiation skills

## South-South Cooperation

- REDD+ expertise sharing - Geothermal technology transfer - Peatland management knowledge - Regional capacity building

- ASEAN climate cooperation - Pacific Islands support - African partnerships - Triangular cooperation